[Mufti Muhammad Yusuf Danka, Croydon Masjid]
Allah Ta’ala has stated in the Holy Qur’an:
‘They ask you [Muhammad (sallallaahu alayhi wasallam)] about the crescent moons. Say: They are signs to mark fixed periods of time for mankind and for the pilgrimage.’ [Qur’an 2:189]
The Shari’ah of Islam has classified the regulation of time (months) by means of sighting the crescent moon. Every person who has the faculty of sight can look at the sky and determine the start of the new month (by viewing the crescent moon). Despite great leaps being made in the field of astronomy as well as scientific calculations being formulated on the birth of the new moon, the scientific analysis is not a verified proof in Islam to commence the new month. To stipulate Ramadan and Eid (commencement of end of the month) calendar dates by calculations alone is not permissible. In the commencement of every month, it is necessary to verify and validate the sighting of the moon (Muhaqaq Ru’yat Basari). Whosoever leaves this methodology has left the guidance of the Shari’ah in Sunnah. (Dars-e-Tirmidhi vol 2, p 520-521)
Shaykhul Tafsir Hadhrat Molana Muhammad Idrees Khandhlawi writes: ‘In the Shari’ah; Zakaat, Hajj, and Ramadhan fasting, issues of Islamic jurisprudence (i.e the waiting period of women etc) are based upon the lunar month. There is no reference made to the solar calendar or its calculation in Shariah. It is for this reason that the knowledge of the lunar months and conditions of Ruyat‐e‐Hilal
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